Abstract The God of Israel’s vicarious angel: origin and necessity of a substitutive political function This paper analyzes the origins of the concept of the Angel of the Nation within the Judaic tradition. The main features and functions of the intermediary figure of the divine messe

Abstract The expression «Angels of the nations» does not appear in the Book of Revelation. Nevertheless, on the one hand, the angels operate between God and the nations, and thus all have some kind of relationship with peoples, or at least with individual humans; on the other hand, th

Abstract There is no one consistent translation of the term parrhesia in the Vulgata. This would seem to create an insurmountable obstacle to the reception of the concept, not so much in the Paleochristian world – still close to Hellenistic influences – but rather in the studia and th

Abstract The theme of parrhesia clearly emerges in a few dense pages, dating back to the 1950s, by two of the greatest theologians of the 20th Century. At first sight Hans Urs von Balthasar and Karl Rahner seem to be restating two different but already traditional interpretations: the

Abstract This paper shows that while the Greek parrhesia is above all concerned with the public and political spheres, the one of the Jews integrates and directs both spheres towards a different perspective, in which the religious dimension is strongest. In this new dimension parrhesi

Abstract This paper encapsulates the Evangelical theologian Dietrich Bonhoeffer’s reasons for working with the anti-Nazi resistance in Germany and, when arrested and tortured, hiding his own position. This dissimulation is understood as an example of renouncing parrhesia, for which Bo

Abstract The entry explores some aspects of the history of the concept of ‘redemption, focusing on its juridical background. Attention is given to the close relationship between the interpretation of Jesus’ salvific action by early Christian authors, on the one hand, and the pra

Abstract “You will not be released until you have paid the last penny”. Exegesis of Mt: 5, 25-26 and origins of the idea of ​​purgatory Since the publication of J. Le Goff’s highly successful The Birth of Purgatory, in 1981, much research has been done, from various histor

Abstract “Without money you shall be redeemed” (Is 52:3). Redemption in the Old Testament between theological metaphor and hybrid legal language Most Old Testament texts dealing with redemption and ransom use legal language, even when God is the redeemer, although in this

Abstract The dogma of “reversibility”. Guilt, torment and suffering in Joseph de Maistre’s works This paper connects Joseph de Maistre’s providentialist interpretation of the French Revolution in his Considerations on France (1796) with his thoughts on the problem of